This site was conceived, designed and compiled by a creative team of two:
FRONT PAGE
Law student thinker - from 14 th century marble relief at ecclesiastical university of Bologna.
EVERYDAY PHILOSOPHY
Young woman - Fresco from Pompeii; Museo Nazionale Archeologico, Naples.
PARMENIDES
Inspired singer - Detail from Greek red-figure; Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Charioteer - Detail from 3rd century mosaic; Baths of Neptune, Ostia.
HERACLEITUS
Shiva - As Lord of the Dance, 10th century; Victoria and Albert Museum, London.
Lyre - Detail from Greek red-figure; Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Zeus - Detail from Greek red-figure vase, c.470 BC; British Museum, London.
SOCRATES
Statue - Portrait of Socrates; Vatican Museum, Rome.
Wrestlers - Athenian Relief; Athens, National Museum.
PLATO
Bust - Plato; Louvre, Paris.
Ladder of Knowledge - Engraving 1477; from Il Monte Sancto Dio.
Plato's Academy - Detail from Roman Mosaic.
Delphic Charioteer - Delphi Museum, Greece.
Tripartite mind image - Detail from 3rd century mosaic; Baths of Neptune, Ostia.
Plato's Cave - A 16th century representation; University of London/ the Warburg Institute, Oxford.
ARISTOTLE
Bust - Believed to be copy made in time of emperor Claudius of a statue set up in Aristotle's own time; Historical Museum of the City of Vienna.
Alexander in diving bell - Medieval illumination; British Library, London (BL Royal 20Bxx77v).
The Boxer - Hellenistic statue attributed to Apollonius, 1st century BC.
Aristotle and Plato - Detail from Raphael's "School of Athens" 1501-1511; Fresco Stanza della Segnatura Vatican Palace, Rome.
The Athenian Acropolis - From the north-west.
ZENO
Bust - copied from Greek original; Museo Nazionale Rome, Collection Farnese.
The Philosopher - detail of wall painting from Boscoreale; Museo Nazionale, Naples.
Businessman - From a Greek black figure vase 6th century; Bibliothèque Nationale.
Stoic image - Mosaic from Pompeii; Museo Nazionale Archeologico, Naples.
EPICURUS
Bust - Copied of a 2nd century BC Greek original; Vatican Museum, Rome.
Reclining figure - Guest at a symposium - detail from red figure cup; Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz, West Berlin.
Elements & zodiac - A medieval illuminated manuscript depicting the four elements of earth and the zodiac/cosmos; Bibliotheque Nationale, image i4-0049 4.jpg
DIOGENES
Diogenes in barrel - 1st century AD relief; Villa Albani Rome.
Dog - Detail from the Piccola Caccia mosaic in the Villa of Mosaics, Rome.
The Laughing Philosopher - Portrait of Democritus of Abdera by Terbrugghen;Rijksmuseum-Stichtung, Amsterdam.
St Simeon - from a miniature Menologion of Emperor Basil II c. AD985;Vatican Library (Emmet Bright).
AUGUSTINE
Dante's Florence - Detail from fresco in the Hall of the Commissario del Bigallo, Florence.
St Augustine in his Study - Boticelli, 15th century; Chiesa d'Ognisasanti, Florence.
Civitas - detail from fresco.
Conversion image - detail from Fra Filppo Lippi's Adoration c. 1459; Staatliche Museum, Berlin.
Christ in Cross - detail from panel of 5th century AD ivory casket - one of the earliest images of the crucifixion; British Museum, London.
Expulsion from the Garde - Massacio c.1427; Fresco, Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence.
Illumination - detail from Gianlorenzo Bernini's St Teresa in Ecstasy 1645-52; Cornaro Chapel, Santa Maria dela Vittoria, Rome.
MONTAIGNE
Portrait - Musée de Chantilly.
St Bartholemew's Day Massacre - François Dubois 16th century; Musée Cantonal des Beaux-Arts, Lausanne.
Anatomy drawing - from "De Humani Corporis Fabrica" by Vesalius 1543.
Plague victims - Detail from Annals of Gilles li Muisit (14th century); Bilbliothèque Royale Albert 1er, Brussels.
Confession of Augsburg - Detail from 16th century painting; Stadt Windsheim, West Germany.
SPINOZA
Portrait - Herzog-August Bibiothèque Wolfenbutte, Germany.
Telescope and microscope - A Galileo telescope and a Hooke microscope; Science Museum, Michael Holford.
King of the Proud - Detail from title page of 1651 edition of Hobbe's "Leviathan"; British Museum, London.
Euclid - Cover page John Daye Imprint; Bodelian Library, Oxford.
Burning bush - Detail from a medieval illuminated manuscript; Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris.
DESCARTES
Portrait - Ascribed to Pierre Mignard, courtesy of the trustees of the National Gallery, London.
Copernican System - Illustration from "Harmonia Macrocosmica" Cellarius, an 18th century text.
Pineal gland - Illustration from "Meditationes de Prima Philosophia" 1641.
Orrery - Made by Thomas Tompion & George Graham, 1710; Museum of the History of Science, Oxford.
God the Architect of the Universe - Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek.
LOCKE
Portrait - Detail from painting after Kneller; National Portrait Gallery, London.
Contemporary woodcut - Detail from "The Ra-Ree Show" by Stephen College; Bodleian Library, Oxford.
Hooke's Microscope - Science Museum, London.
Portrait of Newton - National Portrait Gallery, London.
Portrait of Boyle - National Portrait Gallery, London.
Boyle Experiment - Illustration from Boyle's "New Experiments" 1662; Science Museum, London.
Experiment - A Philosopher Shewing an Experiment on an Air Pump by Joseph Wright, 1768; Tate Gallery, London.
ROUSSEAU
Portrait - Engraving by Robert Hart; Mansell collection.
Illustration from Diderot's "Encyclopédie, au Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des méttiers" First Edition, 1751; New York Public Library.
Rousseau in Garden - at Ermonville, near Paris, where he moved shortly before his death in 1778.
Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? - Paul Gauguin; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston - Tompkins Collection.
KANT
Portrait - Detail of painting by J.W. Bekker, 1768; Archiv für Kunst und Gescichte, Berlin.
Watch - Graphic created by Christophe Kirch.
Kant Silhouette - taken in 1798, at the height of his reputation; Archiv für Kunst und Geschichte, Berlin.
Calculating machine - designed by Gottfried Leibniz in 1673; Archiv für Kunst und Geschichte, Berlin.
HEGEL
Portrait - Hutton Picture Company.
Napoleon - Napoleon Crossing the Alps, David; Versailles.
Young radical dying - A Berlin student dies in the name of liberty March 18, 1884; Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz, West Berlin - The Hulton-Deutsch Collection, London.
Wheel of Fortune - Drawing by Jean Cousin taken from "Le Livre Fortune" 1568 - a book with 200 illustrations of popular sayings about the goddess, Fortune; Bibliothèque de L'Institut de France.
The Supreme Being - Detail from an allegorical drawing depicting choirs of Parisians singing hymns of praise to the Supreme Being at a Festival on the Field of Mars, 1794; Musée Carnavalet, Paris.
Prussian army - Ranks on parade 1871 Victorius Prussian army from the Leipzziger Illustierte Zeitung 1871; British Museum London.
COMTE
Portrait - Taken from the Comte Homepage; http://hgx-hypersoft.com/clotilde/
Positivism - Detail from Liberty Leading the People, Eugene Delacroix, 1830.
Sociologist Priests - From left John Stuart Mill, Marx, Comte, Rousseau, Lévi-Strauss.
Detail from Fra Angelico's Christ Glorified in the Court of Heaven c.1430-35; National Gallery of London.
MARX
Young radical - Detail from a lithograph by D. Levy-Elkan, Trier Students' Club, 1836; from Marx web archives http://csf.colorado.edu:80/psn/marx/index.html.
Cartoon - King Frederick William of Prussia cals on military to assist in repressing democracy. Bildarchiv Prussischer Kulturbesitz, West Berlin.
Engels - from Marx web archives http://csf.colorado.edu:80/psn/marx/index.html.
Early automation - Detail from an illustration of an "eight-feeder" installed in 1862; "The Times".
Lenin - His tsarist passport which allowed him to return to Russia in 1917.
Third International poster - David King Collection, London.
Trade Union Memership Certificate - Amalgamated Society of Engineers; The Working Class Movement Library, Salford.
FREUD
Portrait - from photo 1922.
Freud family - Photo 1876.
Charcot and hypnosis - Institute for the History of Medicine, Vienna.
"The Cry" - Edvard Munch 1893; Nasjongalleriet, Oslo.
"The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters" - Francisco Goya from Los Caprichos 1796-8; Museo del Prado, Madrid.
"Saturn Devouring One of his Children" - Francisco Goya 1820-3; Museo del Prado, Madrid.
Tripartite mind image - Detail from 3rd century mosaic; Baths of Neptune, Ostia.
"The Nightmare" - Fuselli; Ursula Edelmann, Frankfurt/Freies Deutsches Hochstift, Goethemuseum, Frankfurt.
NIETZSCHE
Nietzsche as soldier - Photo of Nietzsche as bombadier 1868; Archiv für Kunst und Geschichte, Berlin.
Maenad - Detail from Greek cup; Staatliche Antikensammlungen, Munich.
Temptation of Eve - Detail from an illuminated manuscript from a missal made for the Archbishop of Salzburg by Berthold Furtmeyer 1481; Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich.
Mercy - GiOvanni Della Robbia and Santa Buglioni 1525; in the Ospedale del Ceppo, Pistoia.
Ubermenschen - The superman as illustrated on a book jacket in the "Berliner Illustrierte Zetung" 1903; Archiv für Kunst und Geschichte, Berlin.
HUSSERL
Portrait - Popperfoto.
Jewish refugees - Rijksinstituut voor Oorlogsdocumentatie, Amsterdam.
WITTGENSTEIN
Young Wittgenstein - Archiv für Kunst und Geschichte, Berlin.
Mature Wittgenstein - Archiv für Kunst und Geschichte, Berlin.
Dante and Purgatory - Fresco by Domenico di Michelino; Santa Maria del Fiore.
Truth table - Extract from early manuscript of Tractatus.
The Tower of Babel - Pieter Brueghel the elder, 16th century artist; E.T. Archive, London.
SARTRE
Sartre - Photo of Sartre being monitored by security forces; Magnum, London.
"The Cry" - Edvard Munch 1893; Nasjongalleriet, Oslo.
"The Wanderer above the Mists" - Caspar David Friedrich.
Lithograph - Odilon Redon 1882; Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris.
Looking glass self - Detail from Matisse's "Carmelina"; Tomkins Collection, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
LEVI-STRAUSS
Totemic figure - Maori carving from a meeting house, New Zealand. Photo by Ralda Forzin.
Pyramid - Photo James P. Blair, National Geographic.
Globalisation - Collage based on cartoon from Natural History Museum, New York.
Las Vegas from the air - Photo by Ralda Forzin.
Oedipus and the Sphinx - Detail from Greek Red-figure vase; Vatican Museum, Rome.